Neurogenic Bladder And Bowel Management
Neurogenic bladder and neurogenic bowel are two medical terms referring to what happens when there is a disruption in the relationship between the nervous system and the functioning of the bladder and the bowel, due to an injury or disease. People who have neurogenic bladder/bowel experience either hyper-reflexive or spastic (overactive) or flaccid or hypotonic (underactive) bladder/bowel problems. These problems depend upon the nerves being affected. The upper central nervous system injury results in spastic bowel/bladder problems while lower spinal cord injury causes flaccid bowel/bladder problems.
Benefits of Neurogenic Bladder and Bowel Treatment
- Treatment improves daily comfort and confidence by managing bladder and bowel dysfunction and offers one with an enhanced quality of life
- Effective management reduces risks of infections, kidney damage, and other related health issues
- Treatment minimises accidents, embarrassment, and promotes better social interactions
- Initial and proper treatment reduces medical interventions and associated healthcare expenses in the long run
- Early management prevents kidney damage caused due to incomplete bladder emptying and urinary retention.
Signs and Symptoms of Neurogenic Bladder
- Loss of control of bladder functioning
- Inability to empty the urinary bladder
- Urinary tract infection symptoms
- Abnormal frequent urination (for instance, urge to urinate once every hour or two).
Signs and Symptoms of Neurogenic Bowel
- Constipation or Diarrhoea
- Nausea (Upset stomach) or belly pain
- Trouble in having a bowel movement
- Loss of bowel control/leaking stools
- Frequent passing of stools (bowel movements more often than usual range from three times a day to three times a week).
Neurogenic bladder and bowel management refers to all possible treatments to help control bowel and bladder movements. Arete Hospitals neurology department staffs a top-notch specialised healthcare team of neurologists, neurosurgeons, urologists, and other specialists/nurses/therapists to serve patients suffering from Neurogenic Bladder and Bowel in Hyderabad. The team of experts is the best in the diagnosis and treatment of neurogenic bladder and bowel and assures effective, quality management of such conditions.
Diagnosis of Neurogenic Bladder And Bowel
In case a neurogenic bladder or bowel is suspected, a physical examination is conducted for the patient and some tests are run of the nervous system and bladder. Moreover, the doctor reviews the patient and his/her family's medical history, recent symptoms, and current general health status.
The tests that help confirm a diagnosis of neurogenic bladder include urodynamic study, cystoscopy, ultrasound tests, and imaging tests like X-rays, MRI, and CT scans. For the diagnosis of neurogenic bowel, the doctor typically performs a rectal exam and test for reflexes. The doctor will also order some tests including electromyography to test muscle’s electrical activity around the rectum and anus; anorectal manometry to measure sphincter strength, ultrasound imaging of the anus, and brain/spinal cord imaging with MRI or CT scans.
Treatment Options and Ways To Manage Neurogenic Bladder And Bowel
Some of the management options for neurogenic bladder include:
- Lifestyle modifications- This includes avoiding the consumption of foods and drinks that can irritate the bladder. These include caffeinated drinks, soda, and alcohol. For patients who are diabetic, keeping blood glucose levels within normal range can help. Patients having constipation can manage it by changing their diet and exercising to help manage their neurogenic bladder. Exercises to strengthen the bladder muscles and having regularly scheduled bathroom breaks can also help better control bladder movements.
- Medications- There are some prescription medications available to reduce symptoms of neurogenic bladder. Such medications help in reducing the bladder contractions that cause an urge to urinate, increase bladder storage volume, improve loss of bladder control, or lower urinary frequency.
- Bo-tox (Botu-linum toxin) therapy- In this treatment, the doctor injects a dose of Bo-tox directly into the bladder or urinary sphincters. This FDA-approved drug, a bacteria-derived neurotoxin can help paralyse the bladder muscles by not allowing the transmission of signals from nerves to bladder muscles for their contraction. Thus, Bo-tox injections can help reduce the frequency of bladder muscle contractions temporarily. To continue enjoying the benefits, the patients need to receive repeated injections after every 3-6 months.
- Clean Intermittent Catheterization (CIC)- This treatment involves the insertion of a catheter (a thin, flexible tube) through the urethra into the bladder several times a day to help empty the full bladder. It can be done by patients themselves or by the doctor.
- Continuous Catheterization- In this treatment, the doctor inserts a catheter through the urethra or abdominal wall and into the urinary bladder. This catheter remains in the bladder at all times to continuously drain urine and empty the bladder.
- Stimulation Therapy- This includes sacral neuromodulation therapy and percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation. Both of these therapies involve connecting devices to the nerves affecting bladder control. These devices send electrical impulses that can help control bladder movements. Often, such therapies are recommended when lifestyle changes and medications cannot help manage symptoms of neurogenic bladder.
- Surgery- There are various surgical approaches to manage bladder functioning and resolve or improve symptoms of neurogenic bladder. These include the creation of an artificial sphincter, increasing bladder size, bypassing the bladder, and removal of a weakened section of the sphincter. The doctors who are well-trained in bladder management can recommend for bladder reconstructive surgery. Augmentation cystoplasty is another surgical option wherein the surgeon removes the sigmoid colon of the intestine and attaches it to the bladder wall. This surgery helps in reducing the internal pressure of urine in the bladder and increases its ability to store urine.
- Ideal Conduit- A portion of the small bowel is used to make a urine stoma that helps drain urine to a bag attached to the outside of the body.
For those who suffer from neurogenic bowel and are looking for Bowel Control Problems Treatment in Hyderabad, the management options include:
- Lifestyle Modifications- This includes making some dietary changes and keeping a journal with a list of foods and drinks that worsen symptoms of neurogenic bowel to help bowel control. Scheduling regular bowel movements daily can also help.
- Medications- The doctor may prescribe medications to improve the consistency and timing of bowel movements. Consult Neurogenic Bladder Specialists in Hyderabad for more information.
- Anal Irrigation- This is a newer conservative bowel management therapy. In this treatment, a catheter with an inflatable balloon is inserted into the anus of the patient, and fluid is filled in it. This helps in treating constipation and assists in the effective movement of the bowel and management of the neurogenic bowel.
- Biofeedback Therapy- In this therapy, the patients use an exercise-performing machine to strengthen their pelvic floor muscles and improve bowel control.
- Nerve Stimulation- Similar to nerve stimulation therapy done for the neurogenic bladder, a small battery-operated device that sends electrical signals is inserted into the belly to stimulate the sacral nerves that control bowel movements. Fingers can also be used for digital rectal stimulation- triggering of the sphincter muscles. Contact Arete Hospital experts to learn more on Bowel Incontinence Treatment in Hyderabad.
- Surgery- This is usually the last resort for patients with neurogenic bowel. Surgeons who are well-trained in bowel surgery may perform reconstructive surgery to resolve difficulties in the management of the neurogenic bowel. Another surgery is colostomy in Hyderabad wherein an opening is made for passing of stool to empty the bowel.
One can book a visit with Best Neurogenic Bladder Doctors in Hyderabad at Arete Hospitals for more details. The doctors can help one determine the root cause of the disease and help them get the concern treated effectively.
1. What causes neurogenic bladder and bowel?
Neurogenic bladder can be a result of birth defects like spina bifida (myelomeningocele), cerebral palsy, and sacral agenesis. It is even caused by medical conditions involving the nervous system like Parkinson’s disease, stroke, multiple sclerosis, and tumours of the spine or brain.
Other potential causes include spinal cord injuries, spine surgeries, accidents/trauma affecting the spine, and erectile dysfunction in men. Neurogenic bowel is caused by nerve damage that happens from an injury like that of the spinal cord; stroke, and diseases of the Central Nervous System such as Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or multiple sclerosis.
2. How common is the neurogenic bladder?
Neurogenic bladder is a very common dysfunction among over 90% of people experiencing spinal cord injuries. The condition is seen in about 95% of people affected with spina bifida. It affects 50-80% of multiple sclerosis patients.
3. What are the complications of neurogenic bladder and bowel?
Patients with neurogenic bladder are at great risk of other urological issues such as kidney damage, repeated infections, vesicoureteral reflux, and urinary tract stones. Complications because of neurogenic bowel include autonomic dysreflexia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, constipation, unplanned defecation, nausea, anorexia, impaction, pain, and ileus. The serious complications may include bowel incontinence, faecal impaction, and megacolon. Patients with neurogenic bladder and bowel also may experience issues with their quality of life.
4. Can neurogenic bladder or bowel be cured?
It’s only possible to manage symptoms of neurogenic bladder or bowel.
5. Why choose Arete Hospitals for neurogenic bladder and bowel?
One can visit Arete Hospitals for neurogenic bladder and bowel issues treatment due to their specialised medical team, advanced diagnostic tools, and comprehensive treatment plans. With a patient-centric approach, they offer personalised care, innovative therapies, and a track record of successful outcomes, ensuring the best possible results for neurogenic bladder and bowel condition.
Contact the experts now at Arete Hospitals for more information on Neurogenic Bladder Disorder Treatment Cost in Hyderabad.